| Speaker | Time | Text |
|---|---|---|
|
unidentified
|
And every purchase helps support C-SPAN's non-profit operations. | |
| Scan the code on the right or go to c-spanshop.org to pre-order your copy today. | ||
| Tonight on C-SPAN's Q&A, travel writer Rick Steves talks about his 1978 journey along the Hippie Trail and the 60,000-word journal he kept of the trip, which he recently published as a book. | ||
| During the 3,000-mile trek, the then 23-year-old Steves and a friend visited Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and Nepal. | ||
| He recalls the people he met along the way, the challenges of traveling in foreign countries in the 1970s, and the lifelong impact the trip had on him. | ||
| It's fun to look back on it with the help of the journal and see how naïve and green and uneducated I was. | ||
| But it's the growing pains of a global perspective, of gaining a global perspective. | ||
| And I've got this notion that culture shock is a good thing. | ||
| A lot of people try to avoid culture shock. | ||
| To me, culture shock is constructive. | ||
| It's the growing pains of a broadening perspective. | ||
|
unidentified
|
Rick Steves with his book On the Hippie Trail tonight at 8 p.m. Eastern on C-SPAN's Q ⁇ A. You can listen to Q&A wherever you get your podcasts and on the C-SPAN Now app. | |
| Nearly 3,500 students across 42 states and D.C. participated in this year's C-SPAN Student Camp Documentary Competition. | ||
| This year we asked students to create short videos with messages to the president exploring issues important to them or their communities. | ||
| All this month we're featuring our top 21 winning entries. | ||
| One of this year's second place middle school winners are two eighth graders from Eastern Middle School in Silver Spring, Maryland, where C-SPAN is available through Comcast. | ||
| Their winning documentary is titled Redlining, Broken Lines, Broken Lives. | ||
| 1933, America is clawing its way out of the Great Depression thanks to the New Deal and other efforts made by U.S. leaders such as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. | ||
| The Great Migration, which is bringing millions of African Americans into the North from the southern United States, is still in full swing. | ||
| One program formed as a result of the New Deal and the Great Migration, the Homeowners Loan Corporation, or the HULC, is founded to help residents escape foreclosure or debt by loaning money to them. | ||
| Three years later, in 1936, federal officials divvied up cities and assigned a color to each neighborhood. | ||
| They looked at all these houses in all these various locations and then they divided things up by blocks. | ||
| And so they have block-level information. | ||
| And one of the key things they included in the block was the percent non-white. | ||
| In descriptions accompanying these maps, surveyors described them as an infiltration, an encroachment, a concentration, declining, and slums, among other racist tropes. | ||
| Residents of CN degrade neighborhoods, who were usually low-income to begin with, were not given loans, forcing them into the only homes they could afford with others of their immigration status, race, or socioeconomic rank, causing government-driven segregation that has lasted for nearly a century. | ||
| Red-lined communities are more susceptible to economic inequality and climate change today. | ||
| That's one of the things that's really disturbing to me about it is that even though that happened almost 100 years ago now, those patterns that were created have withstood the test of time. | ||
| The remnants of redlining reveal the economic divide between minority and white neighborhoods because of the disproportionate generational wealth accumulation that the unbalanced loads caused. | ||
| According to a study done by the National Community Reinvestment Coalition, comparing digitized images of the HOLC maps for 115 cities to census tracts, over 91% of A-graded neighborhoods are moderate to above income today. | ||
| Similarly, 85% of A and 71% of B are white areas, whereas 63% of D areas are minority majority. | ||
| In Baltimore, white borrowers also receive 210% of the lending that their population size suggests they would, whereas black borrowers receive 37% given their population. | ||
| Black Americans did not have the opportunity to build wealth in home ownership, and so a huge part of the gap between black Americans and white Americans in the amount of wealth they have and can pass on to their kids and have security to take risks to be entrepreneurs and things like that. | ||
| Furthermore, redlining places minorities, especially black communities, in areas more susceptible to climate change, as the neighborhoods they lived in were seen as cheap areas for industrialization. | ||
| 20th century freeway projects disproportionately cut through redlined neighborhoods, bringing heavy industry and pollution. | ||
| Communities experienced high levels of drinking water contamination and asthma as a result. | ||
| According to studies conducted by Portland State University, the Science Museum of Virginia, and Virginia Commonwealth University, formerly rated C and D neighborhoods are more affected by climate change than the A and B rated neighborhoods in the same city. | ||
| Insomuch as redlining has led to disinvestment. | ||
| If you have disinvestment, then you're going to have a situation where very often we see that those are the same areas that lack green spaces, that lack kinds of environmental amenities. | ||
| This disinvestment led to more pavement and concrete, which absorb heat and release it slowly, and fewer trees, which cool the air and provide shade, creating what is known as a heat island. | ||
| Environmental justice and the wealth issues can have negative impacts not only on physical health from things like pollution in the air and the water and the soil, but also on their mental health in terms of stress related to their health or to their lack of wealth, which leads to a lack of opportunity to do things like go to college. | ||
| In an analysis of heat and income in 97 of the most populous U.S. cities, NPR and the Howard Center at the University of Maryland, quote, found low-income areas in the vast majority of these cities were more likely to be hotter than their wealthier counterparts. | ||
| These poorer areas were also disproportionately communities of color, end quote. | ||
| Climate change is deadly, both physically and psychologically, and redlining is putting people of color and low-income people in its direct line of fire. | ||
| Redlining's legacy continues to haunt communities across the nation. | ||
| These neighborhoods, once denied resources and opportunities, now bear the brunt of climate change, facing greater risks from extreme weather, rising temperatures, and forest structure. | ||
| I think that the policies that try to increase the supply of housing are going to be really important. | ||
| And as we do that, we have an opportunity to overcome some of the legacy of racial segregation by being thoughtful about when and where we put more housing and how we construct it. | ||
| I hope that President Trump and the incoming Congress will look to the people to understand their concerns about climate change and their concerns about their future and the future of their children. | ||
| Mr. President, our message is clear. | ||
| Addressing the lasting impacts of redlining is a matter of economic justice, environmental justice, and the people of our future. |