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March 13, 2025 12:33-13:16 - CSPAN

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Washington Journal Charles-Étienne Beaudry

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pedro echevarria

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donald j trump ▲ ● ▼		Freedom and democracy must be constantly guarded and protected.
unidentified		We are still at our core a democracy.
donald j trump ▲ ● ▼		This is also a massive victory for democracy and for freedom.
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pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Joining us now is Charles Etienne Baudry.
		He's with the University of Ottawa, a professor of political studies here to take a look at the relationship between the United States and Canada due to Trump administration policy.
		Professor, good morning.
unidentified		Good morning.
unidentified		Thank you for receiving me.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		How would you gauge how the sentiment that Canadians have towards the United States these days?
unidentified		I'm very happy to join this broadcast in Washington because Canadians and Americans, they need to talk to each other, that's for sure.
		There's an escalation of tensions between us and this is not a good thing.
		This is not the path forward for North America.
		Presently in Canada, people are angry.
		So Canadians are usually very kind, very nice people.
		But these days, Canadians are united like I have never seen in my 45 years of life here in Canada.
		I've always been living here.
		And stores are emptying the shelves of everything that is made in the USA.
		And this is something I would have never expected to see.
		I think it's a misunderstanding.
		And I think we're at a turning point in North America.
		And I really think that we can resolve this issue by good communication.
		A lot of Canadians, they feel threatened by the Trump administration.
		But maybe threat is not the right word.
		Maybe we need to understand that Mr. Trump has issues with, I would say, President Trump, has issues with the relationship with Canada, the economic relationship with Canada.
		But there's certainly a way to solve this problem.
		I saw that this morning the Secretary of State, Mr. Rubio, was in Charle-Voila in my home province here in Quebec, meeting with Méleny Jolie, the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Canada.
		And I think it's a very good thing.
		I really hope that We can come to a common understanding and some win-win agreements.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Mr. Baudry, then you said that there's a lot there, but is it specifically the things like the tariffs that are angering the Canadians, or is it the larger sentiment or the attitude coming from, say, the President of the United States or others here in the United States?
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Or is there a combination of things?
unidentified		It's a combination of two things.
		First of all, the tariffs, because we have a free trade agreement since 1988, the first one between Brian Maroney and Ronald Reagan back in the days.
		Then we have a larger free trade agreement with Mexico since 1984.
		And then the first Trump administration wanted to renegotiate NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement.
		So we sat down at the table, we renegotiated the free trade agreement with the first Trump administration.
		And he said, President Trump said back at that time, 2019, 2020, that it was a great agreement.
		So then he comes back in power and he simply doesn't respect this agreement because in the new USMCA, here in Canada, we called it CUSMO.
		So we put the Canada first.
		But in the USMCA, you cannot put these kind of tariffs, like the 25% on aluminum and steel.
		There's a lot of steel and aluminum that is produced in Quebec.
		Like I said, it's my own province and it will hurt our economy.
		We have an economic structure that is integrated with the U.S. Canada is a very large country, but we don't, we tend since we had free trade agreements to do commerce, to do trading with our northern partners.
		So there's a lot of steel and aluminum that go in the factories in Pennsylvania, Michigan, and New York State, etc.
		So it's really upsetting for people because people, workers in Canada, they are afraid of losing their livelihood, their jobs.
		Workers, then companies, you know, the big companies, the multinationals, they might be able to diversify their economy, their exportations.
		So to export to the European Union, to Southeast Asia by boat, but it costs more.
		It's much easier to do trade with right next to at the south past the southern border.
		So the big, big multinationals, they might be able to survive this and not go bankrupt.
		But what about small and medium businesses, family-owned in Canada?
		We have a lot that sells to the U.S. since 30 years, and then suddenly you put 25%.
		That hurts a lot.
		So we don't, we really, yes.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Let me pause only to let our audience start to call in if they want to ask you questions.
		Again, audience, and you want to ask questions of our guests when it comes to the U.S.-Canada relations, particularly when it comes to policy issues, 2027 for eight-8,000 for Democrats, 202-748-8,000 for Republicans, and Independents 202-748-8002.
		We have dedicated a fourth line for Canadian residents.
		If you want to call in and ask our guest questions, give your perspective as well.
		202-748-8003.
		You can use that same number to text us too.
		Professor Baudry, when you hear, or Canadians hear the president say, let's make Canada the 51st state, what goes through the collective mind there of Canadians?
unidentified		Okay, so a trade war is something already that is making Canadians angry, but it happened in the past with wood and other and even aluminum in the first Trump administration.
		So it's okay to do some elbowing.
		We agree with that in economy.
		We're a strong powerhouse economically, Canada.
		We have a lot of natural resources, a lot of partners in the world.
		We're a G7 country.
		So we can cope with an economic competition.
		It can be healthy competition.
		But by the time Mr. Trump insulted Mr. Trudeau, calling him a governor, and insulted our country, calling our country a simple 51st state, this really, really, really, really made Canadians ballistic, go ballistic.
		So there's no way that Canadians will accept this.
		And this is a very dangerous path because Canadians are so angry.
		They're about to burn American flags, like in Iran.
		That makes no sense.
		And like I said, we're emptying the shelves of American goods, booing the American national anthems in hockey games.
		This is not the path forward in North America for peace, prosperity, quality of life, innovation, sports.
		You know, North America is all about the road trips, camping.
		It's all about freedom.
		Now we're checking everything that crosses the border with the US.
		This is so sad to witness.
		So, and the insult, the problem is the insulting factor of the comments of Mr. Trump.
		I think that it's a misunderstanding.
		I know what Mr. Trump wants.
		He wants a common market with Canada.
		He doesn't want Canada to become the 51st state.
		He wants that, a common market.
		So he said, get rid of the artificial line.
		I agree with that.
		We don't need the border between Canada and the US.
		We stay sovereign nations, but we have like a Schengen.
		Schengen is the treaty in the European Union when you can go from France to Germany without seeing a border agent.
		So this could be a great agreement to have a common market.
		You can work everywhere in Canada or the US.
		You can work in Toronto.
		The next year you work in New York.
		You don't need a green card or the equivalent in Canada, a work permit.
		Our agencies, CBP, would work with CBSA, Canadian Border Services Agency, to protect airports and ports, to protect the shores, the external borders in European Union, in the European Union.
		It's called Frontex.
		So we can find a name for this agency, a joint agency of border protection would be very efficient against terrorism, against any kind of threats to our security in North America.
		Canadians are certainly not a threat to the United States.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Let's take in some calls.
		This is from Ted.
		He's in Hawaii for our guests on our Democrats line.
		You're with Charles Etienne Baudray, professor of political studies at the University of Ottawa.
		Good morning.
unidentified		Good morning.
		Hello, Mr. Baudre.
		It's nice to speak to you.
		I've lived in Hawaii for 48 years since the Vietnam War got over.
		I was in the Air Force there, came to Hawaii, and I've lived here all these years.
		I've spent the last 15 years.
		The place I would rather go and have a vacation is Canada.
		Canada is great the way it is.
		I would not take a chance on changing that, aka trusting in that change because it could change on you in the way that you may not like.
		And I just, I think Canada is great the way it is.
		You should leave it that way.
		Please.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Okay.
		That's Ted in Hawaii.
		Professor Baudrey.
unidentified		Thank you.
		Thank you very much, Ted from Hawaii.
		Very nice to hear from you and to hear your comments on our country, Canada.
		Yes, Canada is great.
		So we don't have a movement that wants to make Canada great again because that was a little joke I wanted to make.
		And Ted opened the door for this.
		And Ted really, really exemplifies the close relationship that Canadians and Americans have.
		Personally, my mother owns a house in Florida, next to Fort Lauderdale.
		We travel there.
		It's a fun relationship in North America.
		That's what I said.
		It's sad.
		And I don't want to put the blame on Mr. Trump, on the President Trump.
		I want to open the discussion, the deal making, and tell him we need a common market.
		And just look at how it works in the European Union.
		It's called economic integration, economic integration, not political integration.
		So Canada don't become a state.
		Canada remains sovereign, remain with a seat at the United Nations, but we don't have a border anymore.
		And you can work everywhere in Canada in your life and in the United States, whether you were born in Canada or the United States.
		Goods, they flow freely.
		We save billions for this line.
		It's like 5,000 miles long this line.
		We need to secure this.
		No, we need to secure the outside borders with the dangerous world we live in in the 21st century.
		So I think that Winston Churchill was saying, never go a good crisis, go wasted.
		So this crisis that we have right now, like I said, is just a misunderstanding.
		It must be some kind of mistake.
		And we can sit at the table with the Trump administration and do something great.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		So here's a viewer from X who says that he says that Mr. Trump's approach is reckless at times, but adds, but Canada hasn't been fair with America and there is a large trade imbalance and Canada is cozying up to China.
		He says, play fair and there won't be any problems.
		That's what it comes down to, fair trade.
		How do you respond to that?
unidentified		Well, we're not friends too much with China.
		Canada is a democratic country with freedom of speech.
		We have a First Amendment.
		It's a Second Amendment, it's second article in the Charter of Rights and Freedom.
		And we have no interest in doing more business with dictatorships.
		We have interest in doing business with democracy.
		We believe in freedom, individual freedom.
		This is what Canada is about, a great territory with the beautiful landscape where people can move, people can have a great life.
		There's an American dream, but there's a Canadian promise.
		And the Canadian promise, it's all about traditional values, having a family, owning a home, and having a great career.
		We believe in that.
		We don't believe in strong government.
		We have good social security.
		And then on the topic of the relationship with the United States, if in any way the Canadian state has been mistreating the United States, we really apologize because it was not intentional.
		We never wanted to hurt economically our partner.
		We often say that when the United States costs Canada economically, it's like a figure of speech.
		Economically, when the United States costs, Canada has the flu.
		So it's a common knowledge in Canada that we need to strengthen the economy of the United States because we're integrated.
		We export 75% of our goods to the, I mean, 75% of the goods we export are exported towards the United States.
		So we need you to be strong economically, and we don't want to hurt you.
		And we're very sorry if anything hurts you.
		And that's why I'm saying we need to go to a table of negotiation and come to a win-win agreement with our partner.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Even as we speak, Professor, our Secretary of State is meeting with your Minister of Foreign Affairs, talking about issues there just to show folks that taking place.
		Let's hear from Doug.
		Doug is in Pennsylvania, Republican line.
unidentified		Yeah, thanks very much.
		I actually tend toward libertarian, but I'm old and not naive anymore.
		I think both sides of the border, Canadian and the United States, due to their wonderful democratic policies and their free markets, will be just fine.
		And as we all know, money and politics and power is what moves people and gets things to change.
		And I, for one, as a U.S. citizen and a 78-year-old, want to see some change.
		And it's really as simple as that.
		So my question is, I think both sides are going to be just fine.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Mr. Boudry, do you share that sentiment?
unidentified		Absolutely.
		Okay.
		So in the past 30 years, since there was this globalization, there was a lot of deindustrialization in North America.
		And I completely understand the angst and anxiety in the American society.
		We have the same thing in Canada.
		You cross the border from Canada to the U.S. You don't really feel you change country.
		You just feel that you have more Tim Hortons.
		So we have a National Hockey League and we play together.
		We're like good friends.
		So the way forward, the path forward in order to reindustrialize North America and not just United States is a common market, is economic integration, is a stronger partnership, a stronger free trade.
		Economic integration works like this.
		You have free trade, then you have a common market, and then you can have monetary union.
		So the same money.
		And it needs to be done in this order.
		But right now we had a free trade agreement called USMCA.
		And President Trump is infringing the free trade agreement with the tariffs.
		And this makes us further away from economic integration.
		This makes us protectionist to each other.
		And this is counterproductive in the reality of 2025, which is 30 years later than the globalization, the commercial globalizations and the incredible movement of goods in the world.
		We cannot turn the clock back.
		And there's a way, there's a path forward to keep peace, prosperity, quality of life in North America.
		And it's not tariffs.
		That's for sure.
		It's the opposite.
		It's a common market.
		So go further in economic integration than simple free trade.
		It's just the other way that we need to go.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Professor Baudry, you're going to have a new prime minister as of tomorrow.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Tell us your thinking on Mark Kearney and what he faces as he faces a relationship with the United States.
unidentified		Thank you for this question.
		Obviously, Mark Kearney is a competent man because he's been dealing with money all his life.
		So he was working at Goldman Sachs, an American company.
		He's been the governor of the Bank of Canada dealing with the 2008 economic crisis.
		And on his resume, it said that he did well.
		So people agree that he did well.
		He did so well that he was hired by the Bank of England to address the issue of Brexit.
		So the negotiation with the European Union for the new economic agreements after the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, what's called the Brexit.
		So he did that for a couple of years.
		And then he was an economic advisor to Justin Trudeau that resigned in January from his position of prime minister.
		So right now, he's been running inside the Liberal Party, just like a primary inside the Liberal Party of Canada, and he won.
		And he won by 86%.
		So he's now the substitute prime minister because the prime minister in Canada is the leader of the party, of the political party with most seat in the parliament.
		That is the equivalent of your House of Representatives.
		So it's a different system.
		It's the Westminster system.
		And this situation makes him very weak democratically.
		He's not even elected in the House of Commons in the Canadian Parliament.
		He has been only selected by 150,000 Liberal members.
		So he needs to launch an electoral campaign very soon.
		It will be done by March 20th.
		He cannot wait longer because on March 24, the Parliament will be recalled.
		And if he doesn't launch the election, the Liberal Party will be defeated in the House of Commons.
		And it's the opposite parties.
		It's the opposition parties, the Conservatives that are ready to go.
		And other, like the NDP, New Democratic Party, which is a very left-wing party in Canada, they will bring down the government if he doesn't launch himself the election.
		The way it works in Canada, we have the freedom of launching elections anytime.
		The government can do it.
		The prime minister can go to the governor general and say, let's launch an election.
		And the parliament can do it.
		The House of Commons can vote non-confidence to the government and we go in election.
		So you can bet your bottom dollar there will be an election in Canada in April.
		And by the end of April, there will be a new government that will have democratic legitimacy.
		Because right now, Mark Carney may be a good public servant, a good banker, but he's not elected.
		So he's a substitute prime minister.
		He will be running to become the real prime minister with the legitimacy.
		And at the same time, he will be dealing with, he will form a cabinet like your secretaries.
		It's called ministers.
		So he will have 20 ministers around him.
		And he will deal.
		Probably Milani Jalie will remain the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
		And she's speaking right now with Secretary Rubio.
		And that's a great thing.
		And I believe that things will get better with spring, with the sun.
		We have the sun today in Canada.
		And we have hope.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Okay.
		Let's hear from John.
		John in Illinois, independent line for our guests.
		Go ahead.
unidentified		Good morning, Professor.
		I've had the opportunity to meet several Canadians, all very nice people.
		And when I talk to them, one of the things they always bring up, virtually everyone, when I say that I'm from the Chicago area, they bring up the concept of hearing all the violence in Chicago.
		And it is true, it's very violent relative to the Canadian cities.
		And where that's come from over the years is deindustrialization.
		And the U.S. has lost a lot of jobs to places like Canada, which have lower production costs.
		And part of that is it's because the U.S. corporations, they have to pay the health care benefits.
		In Canada, it's provided by the government.
		So the Canadians are getting an unfair advantage.
		And what I think needs to be done is to scrap the present trade agreements and go to something that's totally fair, balanced bilateral trade.
		You buy a dollar of U.S. goods, we buy a dollar of Canadian goods.
		That will equal out the massive imbalance in the trade, the trade depth that the U.S. has with Canada.
		And I feel that's fair.
		I don't agree he's doing it too abruptly, but I feel that's the answer, and I feel that's fair.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		John in Illinois, thanks.
unidentified		Well, thank you for your comment.
		And I agree with the concept of going to a table of negotiation.
		And I think all tariffs, if you want to have a healthy negotiation between both of us, and if we have been taking advantage of the United States because of our universal healthcare system, I know that it's very costly for U.S. employers to pay the insurance for the workers.
		So if it's the issue, we will talk about it.
		We will sort it out.
		Certainly, we will keep.
		In Canada, we treasure our healthcare system.
		We wait in line.
		We don't mind because we don't want to let anybody in debt because they have health issues.
		So it's a choice we have been making in the past and we keep with it.
		But if this reality makes it unjust in the trade relationship and makes an imbalance in the trades, we are open to renegotiate again.
		We did it a couple of years ago.
		So we had NAFTA for 25 years.
		We renegotiated NAFTA.
		Now we have USMCA.
		And if it was supposed to be renegotiated in 2026, we were ready to do so.
		But if it can be done in 2025, because there's like an emergency, an economic emergency, there will be no problem.
		We will sit at the table again and we will hear what Americans have to put on the table and to the complaints that you have.
		And I know that our government will be very, very open to solve the issues and to reindustrialize the United States as the United States want to, because the strength of the American economy is ensuring the strength of the Canadian economy.
		We are integrated, we are connected, and we are the smaller one.
		So, the richer you are, the richer we are, and we don't want to be seen as a parasite.
		This is the worst thing.
		We want to be seen as a great partner that helps like a friend that helps you to succeed.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Kathy joins us from New York, Democrats line.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Hi there, you're on with our guest.
unidentified		Oh, hi.
		Thank you for taking my call.
		I am for Canada.
		I am so offended by our president and the ridiculous statements he makes about Canada being the 51st state.
		And he's out of line, and we don't agree with him.
		We love Canada.
		My daughter lives close to the border.
		She goes up to Canada regularly.
		We spent our last two vacations up in Canada.
		We love everything about it, and we are on your side.
		And I have to tell you that when Trudeau gave a speech about what Trump is doing to Canada, like I felt so much better, better than any politician has ever made me feel here in the United States.
		And thank you.
		Keep up what you're doing, and we will be praying for you.
		Thank you.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Professor Baudry, the caller gives me a chance to ask also about the outgoing prime minister.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		What do you think his impact will be on Canada?
unidentified		Mr. Trudeau has been prime minister for almost 10 years.
		He was a very progressive, very left-wing prime minister.
		He believes strongly in the environment.
		So he was part of implementing the Paris Agreement.
		We had a carbon tax.
		We had a carbon tax that really angers Canadians because we have to pay more for our goods and it comes from the government and it's a way to lower the greenhouse emissions.
		So this is one of his big policies.
		And this is one of the reasons why he lost the confidence of his own party and had to resign in January, this carbon tax.
		He has been implementing a child benefit.
		I think that the Biden administration, inspired by the child benefit, that left, I mean, that saved children from poverty in Canada, a couple of hundreds of thousands of children that are really helped by this child benefit.
		He has been working hard on indigenous reconciliation.
		We call it like this in Canada.
		So we are trying to promote indigenous communities.
		We have now a National Day of Remembrance of the suffering of the Indigenous communities.
		He was the child of a former prime minister, Pierrelio Trudeau.
		And he was, when he was a kid, he traveled through the world.
		He's a unique character in Canada because he was always on the eyes of the public.
		So he met Richard Nixon and he met Jimmy Carter and he met Queen Elizabeth when he was a kid.
		And he was born and raised to be a prime minister, but he had maybe his own perspectives, very progressive, very oriented towards The diversity and inclusion that is problematic for the Trump administration.
		In Canada, it was pushed a lot by the Trudeau government.
		It was everywhere in the government papers for years.
		That thing that there must be affirmative action in the government in order, and there must be a total tolerance towards other ethnicities and different sexual orientations.
		This is what was the Trudeau government.
		And for a while, for a while, it worked well because Canada is a progressive country.
		People are open-minded.
		But since a couple of years, it has fueled a conservative movement that is very strong right now in Canada.
		The Conservatives, they are ready for the electoral campaign.
		Mr. Pierre Polyev is the leader of the Conservatives and he has a strong support in Canada and he's accusing his, let's say, he's blaming Justin Trudeau for problems in Canada of security in big cities and the price of mortgages,
		the price of housing in Canada is astronomic.
		When you live in Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, it's very, very costly, even to rent an apartment.
		So downtown Ottawa, it costs you $2,500, $2,500, $3,000 to have a very ordinary apartment.
		So he blames, so Pierre Polyev blames Justin Trudeau for these economic hardships.
		The salaries, the average salaries in Canada stayed somewhere between $50,000 and $60,000 per year since 2015, but the prices went up.
		There's a lot of inflation.
		It costs a lot to live in Canada.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		So we have just a few minutes.
		And before I let you go, I want to point people out.
		You're an author as well.
		You wrote a book, Radio Trump, How He Won the First Time in About a Minute or so.
		What's the book about?
unidentified		Well, the book is about what happened in 2016.
		So 2015, 2016.
		So it's the as a political scientist, I am very interested in the United States.
		So I teach at the University of Ottawa American politics.
		So I teach Canadians how it works, your Congress, your federalism.
		I teach history of the miracle of Philadelphia.
		I teach many things that Canadians, they don't know.
		So that way, I think I help to strengthen the relationships, the relationship between Canada and the United States.
		So My book, Radio Trump, talks about how a lot of radio hosts like Michael Savage in San Francisco or even Alex Jones in Texas helped President Trump to rise to power by supporting him during the year 2016.
		So it's divided in chapters.
		And so there's a chapter on his race with Ted Cruz to become the nominee in the Republican Party.
		And then the protest in his rallies.
		And then all the DNC and the WikiLeaks cracking the server.
		Yeah, it's the whole story.
		So it's how he won the first time and it's called Radio Trump because I see it through the lens of radio hosts.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Gotcha.
unidentified		So for a minute, like Ross Nimble as well.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		I apologize.
		We're out of time, but this is Charles Etienne Baudry of the University of Iowa, Professor of Political Studies, the author there of the book, Radio Trump.
		And Professor, thanks for your time today.
unidentified		It was a pleasure.
		Thank you for having me.
		President Trump is meeting with the NATO Secretary General today at the White House.
		The meeting comes after the president urged European countries to spend more on their own security.
		And as news outlets report that Russian President Vladimir Putin has agreed in principle to a proposed 30-day ceasefire deal in Ukraine, but says details still need to be worked out.
		We expect reporters to ask about the latest developments and we'll bring you remarks from the Oval Office as soon as they're available here on C-SPAN.
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		This weekend, C-SPAN's Book TV will be live from the Tucson Festival of Books.
		You'll see discussions on a variety of topics, including America's changing political landscape and global competition for natural resources, plus viewer call-ins with some of your favorite authors.
		Beginning at 1 p.m. Eastern, Saturday's highlights include Juan Williams, Jason DeLeon, Kate Conger, and Rosanna Xiao.
		And then on Sunday at 1 p.m. Eastern, we'll feature authors Jonathan Turley, Amanda Becker, Clay Risen, and Paola Ramos.
		The Tucson Festival of Books, live this weekend beginning at 1 p.m. Eastern on C-SPAN 2.
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pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		Our first guest of the morning is Richard Rubin with the Wall Street Journal.
pedro echevarria ▲ ● ▼		He is a tax policy reporter and in recent days put out this story.

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